2024

• Record 193 of
  
  Title:A 85-Gb/s PAM-4 TIA With 2.2-mApp Maximum Linear Input Current in 28-nm CMOS
  
  Author(s):Ma, Shuaizhe(1); Yin, Zhenyu(1); Ran, Nianquan(1); Xia, Yifei(1); Yang, Ruixuan(1); Yu, Chuanhao(1); Xu, Songqin(1); Wang, Binhao(2); Qi, Nan(3); Zhang, Bing(1); Shi, Jingbo(4); Gui, Xiaoyan(1); Geng, Li(1); Li, Dan(1)
  Source:IEEE Solid-State Circuits Letters
  Volume: 7  Issue:   DOI: 10.1109/LSSC.2024.3351683  Published: 2024  
  Abstract:This letter presents a 100-Gb/s CMOS PAM-4 transimpedance amplifier (TIA) with multimilliampere maximum linear input current. A low-noise high-linearity TIA architecture is proposed, leveraging the reconfigurable front-end (FE) TIA and the continuous time linear equalizer (CTLE) synced at multiple gain modes. Implemented in a 28-nm CMOS technology, the TIA achieves bandwidth of more than 24 GHz with transimpedance gain of 65 dB Ω, while showing an acrlong IRN current density of 10.4 pA/ √ Hz. The maximum linear input current reaches 2.2 mApp and the total harmonic distortion (THD) is less than 3% for an output swing of 600 mVpp, diff. The chip consumes power of 56 mW from 1.4 and 1.1-V supply. © 2018 IEEE.
  Accession Number: 20240315388252
• Record 194 of
  
  Title:Radiative Transfer Characteristics of the 1.27 um O2(a1Δg) Airglow in Limb-Viewing
  
  Author(s):Wang, Dao-Qi(1); Wang, Hou-Mao(2); He, Wei-Wei(1); Hu, Xiang-Rui(1); Li, Juan(3); Li, Fa-Quan(4); Wu, Kui-Jun(1)
  Source:Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi/Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  Volume: 44  Issue: 4  DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593(2024)04-1088-10  Published: April 2024  
  Abstract:Because the 1.27 um O2(a1Δg)) airglow radiation has the advantages of strong radiation signal, large space span and weak self-absorption effect, it is an important target source for near-space atmospheric remote sensing. In addition, it has important scientific significance and application value, such as research on the dynamics and thermal characteristics of the middle and upper atmosphere, global greenhouse gas detection, and three-dimensional tomography of ozone concentration. Firstly, based on the photochemical model of O2(a1Δg), the generation and annihilation mechanisms of O2(a1Δg) airglow were studied. The volume emission rate profile of O2(a1DELg) airglow was calculated on this basis. Based on the spectral intensity and Einstein coefficients given by HITRAN, two methods for calculating the spectral distribution of O2(a1Δg) airglow were proposed. Using the latest molecular spectral parameters, photochemical reaction rate constant and F 10.7 solar ultraviolet flux, combined with the volume emission rate profile information of O2(a1Δg) airglow calculated by photochemical reaction model. The radiative transfer theoretical model of the 1. 27 um O2(a1Δg) airglow in limb-viewing was developed by using a line-by-line integration algorithm. The influence of the self-absorption effect on the spectral intensity of airglow radiation at different tangent heights is analyzed. Then, the O2(a1Δg) airglow radiation spectrum of the target layer is obtained by processing the airglow radiation of the O2 molecule near the infrared atmospheric band measured by scanning imaging absorption spectrometer for atmospheric chartography (SCIAMACHY) under the limb-viewing by onion peeling algorithm. Spectral integration algorithm is used to retrieve the volume emission rate profile of O2(a1Δg)) airglow. Finally, the reliability and rationality of the radiative transfer theoretical model of the 1. 27 jim O2(a1Δg)) airglow in limb-viewing is verified by comparing the radiation spectrum and the volume emission rate profile obtained from the theoretical calculation and retrieval of the SCIAMACHY instrument. Regarding the comparison results, factors that contribute to the limb radiation intensity and volume emission rate of O2(a1Δg) airglow are analyzed. Analyses show that theoretical calculations agree with measured satellite results in the altitude region above 50 km. However, the deviation between the two increases gradually with the decrease of altitude because the satellite remote sensing in the middle and low altitude regions are seriously affected by the self-absorption effect and atmospheric scattering effect in limb-viewing. Additionally, compared with the spectral line intensity parameter given by the HITRAN database, the O2(a1Δg)) airglow limb radiation model based on Einstein coefficients is more consistent with the measured satellite results. Establishing the radiative transfer theoretical model of the 1. 27 um O2(a1Δg) airglow in limb-viewing provides a theoretical foundation for atmospheric remote sensing in near space. © 2024 Science Press. All rights reserved.
  Accession Number: 20241515862842
• Record 195 of
  
  Title:Review of satellite remote sensing technology for near-space atmospheric wind field and temperature field
  
  Author(s):He, Weiwei(1); Su, Jiarui(1); Feng, Yutao(2); Wang, Houmao(3); Li, Haotian(1); Wu, Kuijun(1); Li, Faquan(4)
  Source:Hongwai yu Jiguang Gongcheng/Infrared and Laser Engineering
  Volume: 53  Issue: 7  DOI: 10.3788/IRLA20240146  Published: July 2024  
  Abstract:Significance Near space covers the stratosphere, mesosphere and part of the thermosphere regions of the atmosphere and is a complex transition region between the Earth's atmosphere and space. The detection of its wind and temperature fields is of great engineering and scientific significance for space weather warning and climate change modeling. By monitoring and analyzing atmospheric wind temperature information in the near space, it is possible to gain insight into the dynamical mechanisms of atmospheric circulation, atmospheric chemical processes, and the transport and transformation of various constituents. In addition, the use of atmospheric wind temperature data in the near space makes it possible to optimize satellite orbit design, predict space weather conditions, plan space mission trajectories and ensure the safe operation of satellites and space vehicles. However, due to the limitations of engineering and technical capabilities, global atmospheric wind temperature information in the near space region is very scarce, and remote sensing of atmospheric wind temperature in the near space at the global scale has become a research hotspot in the field of international atmospheric physics and space science. Progress Satellite remote sensing technology is an important means of obtaining atmospheric wind temperature information. In comparison, the development of satellite remote sensing technology for atmospheric temperature field information is more mature, while the vertical detection of the atmospheric wind field, as well as the simultaneous detection of the wind field and temperature field profile, are both difficult and hot spots in the field of satellite remote sensing in the international arena. According to different means of obtaining information, satellite remote sensing technology can be categorized into active and passive detection methods. The active detection method, represented by satellite-based LiDAR, mainly acquires wind field information in the low-altitude region below 30 km. Passive detection, represented by the Atomic Airglow Spectral Imaging Satellite Interferometer (AASIS), acquires wind temperature information in the region above 90 km altitude. For the near space region of 20-100 km, the detection capability of atmospheric wind temperature remote sensing satellite payloads currently operating in orbit is very limited. In view of this, this paper provides a systematic review of the research progress of satellite-based wind temperature detection in near space, aiming to provide reference and inspiration for the research in related fields. First, the current status of atmospheric wind temperature satellite remote sensing technology is introduced, and the detection principles and performance of representative international payloads are summarized. Secondly, starting from three different detection bands, namely near-infrared, long-wave infrared and mid-wave infrared, the target source characteristics, instrument development and detection capability of three types of typical remote sensing technologies for atmospheric wind temperature in near space are discussed in detail, and the applicability and reliability of the three technological solutions under different conditions are summarized through the analysis of the spatial and temporal coverage and the measurement accuracy, which provide important references for the subsequent research. Finally, the future development of satellite remote sensing technology for atmospheric wind and temperature fields in the near space is envisioned. Conclusions and Prospects In summary, satellite-based remote sensing of wind temperatures in near space has developed to some extent over the past decades, but is still insufficient to reach the level of operational detection. Looking forward to the future development trend of satellite-borne wind temperature remote sensing technology in near space, focusing on the spatial coverage capability, time continuity and detection accuracy of atmospheric wind temperature remote sensing payloads, and discussing the engineering difficulty of payload development, it is possible to provide an effective idea for the research and development and application of wind temperature remote sensing satellites in near space. This will provide effective technical means and scientific support for the in-depth study of changes in the atmospheric environment, the improvement of the accuracy of weather forecasts and the optimization of aerospace mission planning, and will make an important contribution to the filling of proximity spatial data and the advancement of meteorological science. © 2024 Chinese Society of Astronautics. All rights reserved.
  Accession Number: 20243717021685
• Record 196 of
  
  Title:In Situ Growth of Lead-Free Double Perovskite Micron Sheets in Polymethyl Methacrylate for X-Ray Imaging
  
  Author(s):Shi, Jindou(1); Wang, Zeyu(2); Xu, Luxia(3); Wang, Junnan(1); Da, Zheyuan(1); Zhang, Chen(1); Ji, Yongqiang(1); Yao, Qing(1); Xu, Youlong(1); Gaponenko, Nikolai V.(4); Tian, Jinshou(3); Wang, Minqiang(1)
  Source:Advanced Optical Materials
  Volume: 12  Issue: 22  DOI: 10.1002/adom.202400691  Published: August 5, 2024  
  Abstract:Pb-free double-perovskite (DP) scintillators are highly promising candidates for X-ray imaging because of their superior optoelectronic properties, low toxicity, and high stability. However, practical applications require Pb-free DP crystals to be ground and mixed with polymers to produce scintillator films. Grinding can compromise film uniformity and optical properties, thereby affecting imaging resolution. In this study, an in situ fabrication strategy is proposed to facilitate the crystalline growth of Pb-free Cs2AgInxBi1-xCl6 micron sheets in polymethyl methacrylate in a single step. By adjusting the In3+/Bi3+ ratio, Cs2AgIn0.9Bi0.1Cl6/PMMA composite films (CFs) with excellent scintillation properties are obtained, including a light yield of up to 32000 photons per MeV and an X-ray detection limit of 87 nGyairs−1. This strategy also enabled the production of large Cs2AgIn0.9Bi0.1Cl6/PMMA CFs, which demonstrated favorable flexibility and stability, fabricating products with advanced eligibility for commercial applications. The CFs exhibited outstanding performances in X-ray imaging, producing high-resolution structures and providing a new avenue for the development of Pb-free DP materials in fields such as medical imaging and safety detection. © 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH.
  Accession Number: 20242716645353
• Record 197 of
  
  Title:Enhancement and suppression of nonsequential double ionization by spatially inhomogeneous fields
  
  Author(s):Luo, Xuan(1); Jiao, Li Guang(2); Liu, Aihua(1,3); Liu, Xueshen(1)
  Source:Optics Express
  Volume: 32  Issue: 11  DOI: 10.1364/OE.523593  Published: May 20, 2024  
  Abstract:Using the three-dimensional classical ensemble approach, we theoretically investigate the nonsequential double ionization of argon atoms in an intense laser field enhanced by bowtienanotip. We observe an anomalous decrease in the double ionization yield as the laser intensity increases, along with a significant gap in the low momentum of photoelectrons. According to our theoretical analysis, the finite range of the induced field by the nanostructure is the fundamental cause of the decline in double ionization yield. Driven by the enhanced inhomogeneous field, energetic electrons can escape from the finite range of nanotips without returning. This reduces the possibility of re-scattering on the nucleus and imprints the finite size effect into the double ionization yield and momentum distribution of photoelectrons in the form of yield decline and a gap in the photoelectron-momentum distribution. © 2024 Optica Publishing Group.
  Accession Number: 20242216154618
• Record 198 of
  
  Title:Streak tube imaging lidar with kilohertz laser pulses and few-photons detection capability
  
  Author(s):Fang, Mengyan(1,2); Qiao, Kai(1); Yin, Fei(1); Xue, Yanhua(1); Chang, Yu(1); Su, Chang(1,2); Wang, Zhengzheng(1); Tian, Jinshou(1,2,3); Wang, Xing(1)
  Source:Optics Express
  Volume: 32  Issue: 11  DOI: 10.1364/OE.520620  Published: May 20, 2024  
  Abstract:Lidar using active light illumination is capable of capturing depth and reflectivity information of target scenes. Among various technologies, streak tube imaging lidar (STIL) has garnered significant attention due to its high resolution and excellent precision. The echo signals of a STIL system using single laser pulse are often overwhelmed by noise in complex environments, making it difficult to discern the range of the target. By combining high-frequency laser pulses with the repetitive sweep circuit, the STIL system enables efficient detection of few-photons signal in weak-light environments. Additionally, we have developed a robust algorithm for estimating the depth and reflectivity images of targets. The results demonstrate that this lidar system achieves a depth resolution better than 0.5 mm and a ranging accuracy of 95 um. Furthermore, the imaging of natural scenes also validates the exceptional 3D imaging capability of this system. © 2024 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.
  Accession Number: 20242116152071
• Record 199 of
  
  Title:Single line of sight frame camera based on the RadOptic effect of ultrafast semiconductor detector
  
  Author(s):Liu, Yiheng(1,2,3); He, Kai(1); Yan, Xin(1); Gao, Guilong(1); Du, Wanyi(1); Shang, Yang(1); Wang, Gang(1); Wang, Tao(1); Zhang, Jun(4); Tian, Jinshou(1,3); Tan, Xiaobo(4)
  Source:Optics and Lasers in Engineering
  Volume: 175  Issue:   DOI: 10.1016/j.optlaseng.2024.108029  Published: April 2024  
  Abstract:A new optical beam splitting method is proposed, based on which the optical frame camera capable of capturing multiple frames in a single exposure is designed and experimentally verified. The operation of the frame camera is based on an ultra-fast response semiconductor detector. It is equipped with an optical beam splitter and an optical imaging module. The ultrafast semiconductor detector receives an optical pulse that produces a transient refractive index change, and ultrafast physical processes are recorded by diffracting the probe laser through the transient phase grating. The interaction of an X-ray pulse with a semiconductor detector to produce a phase grating is simulated, based on the Monte Carlo method. The optical beam splitting mode separates a laser into two optical pulses with a certain time difference in the direction of polarization perpendicular to each other. The imaging module filters the diffracted probe laser in the spectral plane and then images multiple frames. The frame camera was used to record the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of femtosecond laser pulses with a temporal resolution of 4.1 ps. This frame camera has great potential and value for applying to experimental studies of inertial confinement fusion. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd
  Accession Number: 20240315382269
• Record 200 of
  
  Title:An analysis method for structures of ring-shaped resonators with heterogeneous materials
  
  Author(s):Pei, Yongle(1); Xu, Liang(1); Huang, Wei(1); Gao, Limin(1); Li, Luxian(2); Yuan, Xiaobin(1)
  Source:Zhongguo Guanxing Jishu Xuebao/Journal of Chinese Inertial Technology
  Volume: 32  Issue: 8  DOI: 10.13695/j.cnki.12-1222/o3.2024.08.010  Published: August 2024  
  Abstract:Based on the theory of homogeneous elasticity, the traditional method for analyzing the structural characteristics of a ring-shaped resonators cannot accurately describe the influence of the mechanical properties of heterogeneous materials on the static and dynamic performance of resonators. According to the Euler beam theory of circular curved structures, a method for analyzing the structural properties of ring-shaped resonators with heterogeneous materials is established, utilizing the constitutive relationships of heterogeneous materials and Hamilton principle. With the theory above and Bubnov-Galerkin method, theoretical solutions are derived for the static bending and dynamic rotating problems. Then, the influence of heterogeneous mechanical properties is analyzed for the bending deflection, second-order bending angular frequency and precession coefficient. The performance analysis results of typical heterogeneous materials show that the traditional method has an error of over 59% in calculating the second-order bending angular frequency, while the proposed method can accurately predict the static and dynamic responses of structures of heterogeneous resonators and calculate the second-order bending angular frequency. © 2024 Editorial Department of Journal of Chinese Inertial Technology. All rights reserved.
  Accession Number: 20244017128640
• Record 201 of
  
  Title:Dynamic Range Study of Microchannel Plate Photomultiplier Tubes under Visible Light Pulse Input
  
  Author(s):Wei, Jianan(1,2); Liu, Hulin(2); Chen, Ping(2,3); Li, Yang(4); Li, Kuinian(2); Wei, Yonglin(2); He, Luanxuan(1,2); Zhao, Xinnan(1,2); Sai, Xiaofeng(2); Liu, Deng(5); Tian, Jinshou(2,3); Zhao, Wei(2,3)
  Source:Guangzi Xuebao/Acta Photonica Sinica
  Volume: 53  Issue: 2  DOI: 10.3788/gzxb20245302.0204001  Published: February 2024  
  Abstract:Microchannel Plate Photomultiplier Tube（MCP-PMT），as a high-performance photodetector，has been widely used in various detection experiments in recent years. In previous studies，people mainly focused on improving the sensitivity and temporal resolution of optoelectronic detection devices，while ignoring the key factor of high linearity. With the continuous development of the demand for large dynamic detection，in-depth research and development of MCP-PMT with large dynamic range has become an urgent need for current research.The dynamic range of MCP-PMT is related to many factors，such as the intensity and frequency of input visible light，the material of the microchannel board，and the voltage values applied to each part of MCP-PMT. This article mainly starts from two aspects：the input light pulse frequency and the potential difference applied by the backend of MCP-PMT，and delves into the reasons why the output electrons of MCP-PMT deviate from normal linear multiplication. By combining theoretical analysis and experimental testing，the influence of the repetition frequency of pulse light signals and the potential difference between the second microchannel plate and the anode on the dynamic range of MCP-PMT was studied in detail. When the input light pulse width is 50 ns and the repetition frequency is 500 Hz，the maximum linear output of the anode can reach 2 V（i.e. 40 mA）；when the repetition frequency increases to 1 000 Hz，the linear deviation degree reaches more than 10% when the anode output is 1 V（i. e. 20 mA）；when the input light frequency further increases to 5 000 Hz and the anode output reaches 0.3 V（i. e. 6 mA），the degree of linear deviation has reached about 15%. As the electric potential difference between the second microchannel plate and the anode increases，the maximum linear output voltage of the anode shows fluctuating changes. When the electric potential difference between the second microchannel plate and the anode is around 200 V，the linear output voltage of the anode reaches its peak. As the electric potential difference increases，the linear output voltage of the anode begins to fluctuate，reaching the second peak at a electric potential difference of around 500 V. In this article，we investigated the influence of the frequency of pulse input light and the electric potential difference between the second microchannel plate and the anode on the dynamic range of MCP-PMT，and obtained two conclusions through experimental verification：1）As the pulse input frequency increases，the output voltage of MCP-PMT will detach from the linear region earlier. 2）As the potential difference between MCP2 and the anode increases，the maximum linear output voltage of MCP-PMT does not simply vary monotonically，but exhibits a constantly fluctuating trend in resistance. On this basis，further exploration was conducted on the factors that constrain the dynamic range of MCP-PMT，namely insufficient wall charge supplementation and interference from space charge effects. When the frequency of the input pulse is high，the constraint on the dynamic range of MCP-PMT is mainly related to the former；when the electric potential difference between the second microchannel plate and the anode increases，due to the complex situation of a large number of secondary electrons transferring between the plates to the anode，the dynamic range will be affected by the space charge effect and cannot be directly proportional to the electric field strength. © 2024 Chinese Optical Society. All rights reserved.
  Accession Number: 20240715561760
• Record 202 of
  
  Title:Ultrabroadband nonlinear enhancement of mid-infrared frequency upconversion in hyperbolic metamaterials
  
  Author(s):Zhang, Congfu(1,3); Wang, Zhaolu(1); Zhang, Changchang(1,3); Shi, Wenjuan(1,3); Li, Wei(1,3); Gao, Ke(1,3); Liu, Hongjun(1,2)
  Source:Nanoscale Horizons
  Volume: 9  Issue: 10  DOI: 10.1039/d4nh00240g  Published: August 13, 2024  
  Abstract:Metamaterials have demonstrated significant potential for enhancing nonlinear processes at the nanoscale. The presence of narrowband hot-spots and highly inhomogeneous mode-field distributions often limit the enhancement of nonlinear interactions over larger spatial scales. This has posed a formidable challenge in achieving simultaneous enhancement across a broadband spectral range, significantly constraining the potential of photonic nanostructures in enhancing nonlinear frequency conversion. Here, we propose a broadband resonant mode matching method through near-field examinations that supports the multipole modes and enables the development of an ultrabroadband-enhanced 3-5 μm mid-infrared frequency upconversion technique utilizing a hyperbolic triangular pyramidal metasurface. The gap-plasma mode of the hyperbolic metamaterial multilayer system excites narrowly high-order resonances at near-infrared pump light wavelengths, while the slow-light effect generated by the dipoles achieves ultrabroadband near-field enhancement at mid-infrared wavelengths. The symmetry breaking of the triangular structure localizes these resonant modes at the tips, enabling mode-matched modulation at different wavelengths, and thus boosting the nonlinear frequency conversion process. Our approach provides a promising platform for metasurface-based frequency conversion techniques. © 2024 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
  Accession Number: 20243316882736
• Record 203 of
  
  Title:Wide-angle metalens array with quadratic phase for terahertz polarization detection
  
  Author(s):Qin, Chong(1,2); Fan, Wenhui(1,2,3); Wu, Qi(1,2); Jiang, Xiaoqiang(1,2); Yan, Hui(1,2); Ju, Pei(1)
  Source:Physica Scripta
  Volume: 99  Issue: 6  DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad3d91  Published: June 1, 2024  
  Abstract:With the advances of micro/nano fabrication technology, metasurface has become an alternative to design functional devices for manipulating electromagnetic wave. Metalens is one of the basic electromagnetic functional devices that can be applied in various fields. Currently, polarization measurement based on metalens arrays has been widely investigated, but most of them can only work for normal incident wave due to the limited field-of-view of metalens. Herein, a dielectric wide-angle metalens array (WMA) for the terahertz polarization detection is presented. The WMA is composed of three wide-angle metalenses, each wide-angle metalens is constructed by utilizing quadratic phase profile. The angle tolerance of meta-atoms which constitute the wide-angle metalens is elucidated in detail. The WMA can decompose incident terahertz wave into four channels, and the full Stokes parameters of incident wave is determined by intensities in these four channels. Simulated results show that the WMA proposed here has excellent performance for the polarization detection within incident angle of ±40°. In addition, this WMA can also be used to detect the phase gradient of incident terahertz wave, the detection error is less than 1.1%. This WMA is promising in the fields of terahertz polarization generation, detection and imaging. © 2024 IOP Publishing Ltd.
  Accession Number: 20242016074464
• Record 204 of
  
  Title:Underwater Single-Photon Profiling under Turbulence and High Attenuation Environment
  
  Author(s):Wang, Jie(1,2,3); Hao, Wei(1,3); Chen, Songmao(1,3); Xie, Meilin(1,3); Li, Xiangyu(4); Shi, Heng(2,4); Feng, Xubin(1); Su, Xiuqin(1,2,3)
  Source:IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters
  Volume: 21  Issue:   DOI: 10.1109/LGRS.2024.3432931  Published: 2024  
  Abstract:Underwater single-photon imaging is challenging, as the transmitting path presents turbulence and strong backscattering noise; both facts degrade the image, thus hindering its applications in real world. However, current studies on underwater single-photon modeling have generally overlooked the potential impact of water turbulence on imaging performance. This oversight may result in an inaccurate characterization of the optical propagation process in realistic imaging environment. This letter proposed a joint denoising and deblurring method with regularization by denoising (JDD-RED) for underwater single-photon image that include the modeling of turbulence and the tailored restoration model, improving the performance by considering blurring mechanism, as well as advanced signal processing method. This method is validated on numerical experiments by employing joint deblurring and denoising tasks. Compared with the PICK-3-D algorithm, the JDD-RED reconstruction results demonstrate that more detailed information can be retained while denoising. In addition, the results show an average improvement of 1.48 dB in peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and 60% in structural similarity (SSIM), proving the superior performance of the JDD-RED algorithm. © 2004-2012 IEEE.
  Accession Number: 20243116773778