2024

• Record 361 of
  
  Title:Dual-parameter femtosecond mode-locking pulse generation in partially shared all-polarization-maintaining fiber Y-shaped oscillator with a single saturable absorber
  
  Author(s):Bai, Chen(1); Feng, Ye(2); Zhang, Weiguang(1); Zhang, Junying(1); Zhang, Tong(2); Mei, Chao(3); Liu, Pandi(4); Fan, Zhaojin(1); Qian, Jiangxiao(1); Yu, Jia(1)
  Source: Optics and Laser Technology  Volume: 169  Issue:   DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2023.110021  Published: February 2024  
  Abstract:We present a design of a mode-locked fiber laser based on a polarization-maintaining (PM) Y-shaped fiber structure, which employs a single semiconductor saturable absorber mirror (SESAM) and a common polarization beam combiner (PBC) to achieve dual- parameter mode-locking femtosecond pulse in two orthogonal polarization states. The two output pulses have different characteristics, such as repetition frequency (87.3 MHz and 91.3 MHz), average output powers (2.1 mW and 1.9 mW), pulse durations (299 fs and 377 fs) and spectral profiles (centered at 1565.6 nm and 1563.6 nm with spectral width of 9.96 nm and 9.93 nm). The properties of the two pulses are experimentally characterized and their potential applications in areas such as bistable frequency lasers and dual femtosecond optical frequency comb is discussed. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd
  Accession Number: 20233614695327
• Record 362 of
  
  Title:A compact 51.6-W, 26-μJ, Yb-doped all-fiber integrated CPA system through quasi-rectangular pulse pre-shaping
  
  Author(s):Li, Qianglong(1,2,3); Li, Feng(1); Liu, Hongjun(1); Zhao, Wei(1); Zhao, Hualong(1); Wang, Yishan(1); Wen, Wenlong(1); Cao, Xue(1,2,3); Si, Jinhai(2)
  Source: Optics and Laser Technology  Volume: 170  Issue:   DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2023.110300  Published: March 2024  
  Abstract:A compact 51.6-W, 26-μJ all-fiber integrated Yb-doped femtosecond laser source with pulse durations of 692 fs despite ∼18π nonlinear phase shift accumulation in the main amplifier is demonstrated by using fiber quasi-rectangular pulse pre-shaping. The numerical results are in good agreement with the experiment. Due to the advantages of an all-fiber spliced structure and a minimal pulse stretching ratio (from 26.3 ps to ∼70 ps), just a small size of gratings and a short separation distance between the two gratings in the compressor is required. Therefore, the laser source is exceedingly compact, robust, cost-effective, and easy to assemble. This technique is anticipated to accelerate the use of fiber femtosecond lasers in industrial applications. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd
  Accession Number: 20234515013310
• Record 363 of
  
  Title:A different view on the deactivation process of 3-hydroxy-salicylidene-methylamine system
  
  Author(s):Han, Guoxia(1); Wei, Hongyan(2); Yu, Xianghua(3); Zhang, Jialing(1); Ma, Yanbin(1); Liu, Peng(1)
  Source: Chemical Physics Letters  Volume: 835  Issue:   DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2023.141004  Published: January 16, 2024  
  Abstract:Schiff bases stand out as a highly significant class of photochromic materials with widespread applications. The exploration of their photochromic mechanisms has garnered substantial interest over the past decades. In this work, we investigated the photochromic mechanism of 3-hydroxy-salicylidene methylamine (3-OH-SMA) by high-level electronic structure calculations and on-the-fly excited state dynamics simulations. Our investigation revealed the identification of three minimum energy conical intersections between S1 and S0 states, while only the one characterized by the central C = N bond twisting motion was involved in the deactivation process. This finding contrasts with previous reports, suggesting that the excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) process was the main reaction channel in 3-OH-SMA. The proposed new decay mechanism provides valuable theoretical insights, paving the way for the further enhancement or rational design of photochromic materials. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.
  Accession Number: 20235015192341
• Record 364 of
  
  Title:Experimental Analysis of Coherent Velocity Measurement Based on Near-infrared Single-element SPAD Detector
  
  Author(s):Li, Bin(1); Wang, Xiaofang(2,3); Kang, Yan(2); Yue, Yazhou(1); Li, Weiwei(2,3); Zhang, Yixin(1); Lei, Hongjie(1); Zhang, Tongyi(2,3)
  Source: Guangzi Xuebao/Acta Photonica Sinica  Volume: 53  Issue: 1  DOI: 10.3788/gzxb20245301.0104001  Published: January 2024  
  Abstract:Coherent lidar has advantages of suppressing background noise such as sunlight and detecting sensitivity close to shot noise limit. It is widely used in civil and defense fields such as wind detection，velocity measurement and military target detection. Coherent detection can be divided into heterodyne detection to extract frequency information and homodyne detection to extract phase information. For velocity measurement，heterodyne detection is usually used to extract the Doppler frequency shift of the echo laser from a moving target，and then the velocity of target is retrieved. Conventional heterodyne lidar adopt normal optical detectors，such as PIN detectors，which have limited detection sensitivity for a small number of echo photons. And generally，strong local oscillator laser power is required to suppress thermal and circuit noise，but excessive local oscillator is likely to generate excess shot noise. With the development of Single Photon Avalanche Diode（SPAD）detector with low circuit noise，it not only provides a way for the detection of a small number of echo photons，but also makes it possible to realize heterodyne detection with a weak local oscillator. Researchers have successively adopted InGaAs SPAD array detectors and superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors for near-infrared spectrum， single-element Si SPAD detectors and MPPC detectors for visible spectrum，but there have been few experimental research on heterodyne detection with single-element InGaAs SPAD detector. The heterodyne lidar based on near-infrared SPAD can be integrated in all-fiber structure with an operating wavelength of 1.5 μm，which makes it more suitable for practical working platforms such as airborne. Although the count rate dynamic range of the single-element SPAD is not as good as that of the SPAD array，the current disadvantages of SPAD array，such as low pixel fill-factor，poor uniformity of pixel performance（e.g.，hot pixel），and slow speed of data readout，limit its performance to a certain extent. Besides，compared with superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors，single-element near-infrared SPAD do not require extremely complex and bulky cooling system. Therefore，we established a heterodyne velocimetry experimental system based on a 1.5 μm fiber laser and a single-element InGaAs SPAD detector to analyze the influence of SPAD's dead time，dark count rate and photon count rate for the extracting of beat frequency. The output laser was shifted by 40 MHz using an Acousto-optic Frequency Shifter（AOFS）to simulate the Doppler frequency shift of the echo laser from a moving target. Then，under the experimental set up of 1 μs dead time and 1 ms data acquisition time，we analyzed the influence of different photon count rates on the SNR of the beat frequency spectrum under SPAD's dark count rates of 1.8 kHz，54.4 kHz and 194.4 kHz. The experimental results show that，the SNR increases gradually and then tends to be stable with the increase of the photon count rate. When the photon count rate is close to saturation，harmonic frequency components appear in the low-frequency area of the frequency spectrum as well as the two side regions centered on the beat frequency. The harmonic frequency spacing is basically equal to the photon count rate. The optimal photon count rate which is slightly affected by harmonics is about 90% of saturation count rate of SPAD detector. In addition，as the dark count rate increases，the photon count rate required to extract the beat frequency signal is higher. The experimental results can provide a reference for the development and practical application of all-fiber single-photon Doppler velocity measurement lidar technology. © 2024 Chinese Optical Society. All rights reserved.
  Accession Number: 20240815582095
• Record 365 of
  
  Title:Three-dimensional Bose–Einstein gap solitons in optical lattices with fractional diffraction
  
  Author(s):Chen, Zhiming(1,2); Liu, Xiuye(2); Xie, Hongqiang(1); Zeng, Jianhua(2,3,4)
  Source: Chaos, Solitons and Fractals  Volume: 180  Issue:   DOI: 10.1016/j.chaos.2024.114558  Published: March 2024  
  Abstract:Compared with low-dimensional solitons that are widely studied in various realizable nonlinear physical systems, the properties and dynamics of three-dimensional solitons and vortices have not been well disclosed yet. Using numerical simulations and theoretical analysis, we here address the existence, structural property, and dynamics of three-dimensional gap solitons and vortices (with topological charge s=1) of Bose–Einstein condensates moving by Lévy flights (characterized by fractional diffraction operators, Lévy index 1 © 2024 Elsevier Ltd
  Accession Number: 20240615519018
• Record 366 of
  
  Title:Optical diffraction tomography based on quadriwave lateral shearing interferometry
  
  Author(s):Yuan, Xun(1,2); Min, Junwei(1); Zhou, Yuan(1,2); Xue, Yuge(1,2); Bai, Chen(1); Li, Manman(1); Xu, Xiaohao(1); Yao, Baoli(1,2)
  Source: Optics and Laser Technology  Volume: 177  Issue:   DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2024.111124  Published: October 2024  
  Abstract:Optical diffraction tomography (ODT) is an emerging microscopy that enables quantitatively three-dimensional (3D) refractive index (RI) mapping of subcellular structure inside biological cells without staining. Due to the noninvasive, label-free, and quantitative imaging capability, ODT has become an important technique in the fields of cell biology, biophysics, hematology, and so on. It is customary to acquire a set of two-dimensional (2D) phase images of a transparent sample from different illumination angles by using the classical Mach-Zehnder interferometry (MZI), and then numerically reconstruct the 3D RI distribution of the sample via appropriate tomographic algorithms. However, due to the limited stability of MZI, the cumulative measured phase errors reduce the accuracy of the reconstructed RI. Here, we propose a common-path ODT based on quadriwave lateral shearing interferometry (QLSI), referred as Q-ODT. In QLSI, the object beam carrying the phase information of sample is divided into four copies by a specially designed 2D diffraction optical element, then the diffracted waves interfere with each other to form the interferogram at the image plane. The complex amplitude map of the object is quantitatively retrieved from the single-shot interferogram by using a Fourier analysis algorithm and a 2D phase gradient integration. A spatial light modulator is employed to ensure high-precision illumination angle scanning without mechanical motion by addressing a series of different periods and orientations blazed gratings. The average fluctuation of the measured phases of a test polystyrene bead by acquiring 300 interferograms in 12 s presents 7.6 mrad, surpassing the conventional MZI-based ODT. The 3D RI distribution of the bead reconstructed from 145 complex amplitude maps via multi-illumination angles with a maximum angle of 70° matches the manufacturer's specification well, demonstrating the high accuracy of the 3D RI imaging capability of the Q-ODT. The lateral and axial resolutions of the 3D RI reconstruction were measured to be 306 ± 21 nm and 825 ± 34 nm, respectively. The proposed Q-ODT method successfully reconstructed the intracellular structure of the biological specimens of Eudorina elegans and mouse bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC). The Q-ODT offers a new route towards 3D RI imaging for label-free transparent samples in biomedical research. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd
  Accession Number: 20241916034871
• Record 367 of
  
  Title:Enantioselective Optical Trapping of Multiple Pairs of Enantiomers by Focused Hybrid Polarized Beams
  
  Author(s):Zhang, Yanan(1,2); Li, Manman(1); Yan, Shaohui(1); Zhou, Yuan(1,2); Gao, Wenyu(1,2); Niu, Ruixin(1,2); Xu, Xiaohao(1); Yao, Baoli(1,2)
  Source: Small  Volume:   Issue:   DOI: 10.1002/smll.202309395  Published: 2024  
  Abstract:Enantiomers (opposite chiral molecules) usually exhibit different effects when interacting with chiral agents, thus the identification and separation of enantiomers are of importance in pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. Here an optical approach is proposed to enantioselective trapping of multiple pairs of enantiomers by a focused hybrid polarized beam. Numerical results indicate that such a focused beam shows multiple local optical chirality of opposite signs in the focal plane, and can trap the corresponding enantiomers near the extreme value of optical chirality density according to the handedness of enantiomers. The number and positions of trapped enantiomers can be changed by altering the value and sign of polarization orders of hybrid polarized beams, respectively. The key to realizing enantioselective optical trapping of enantiomers is that the chiral optical force exerted on enantiomers in this focused field is stronger than the achiral optical force. The results provide insight into the optical identification and separation of multiple pairs of enantiomers and will find applications in chiral detection and sensing. © 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH.
  Accession Number: 20240215352673
• Record 368 of
  
  Title:Miniaturizable Phase-Sensitive Amplifier Based on Vector Dual-Pump Structure for Phase Regeneration of PDM Signal
  
  Author(s):Jia, Shuaiwei(1,2); Xie, Zhuang(1,2); Shao, Wen(1,2); Han, Xiaotian(1,2); Su, Yulong(3); Meng, Jiacheng(1); Gao, Duorui(1); Wang, Wei(1); Xie, Xiaoping(1,2)
  Source: IEEE Photonics Journal  Volume: 16  Issue: 1  DOI: 10.1109/JPHOT.2023.3335923  Published: February 1, 2024  
  Abstract:Phase sensitive amplification is indispensable in promoting applications such as all-optical regenerators, quantum communications, all-optical analog-to-digital conversion, and long-distance communications. In this article, we proposed a vector dual-pump nondegenerate phase-sensitive amplification scheme based on ultra-silicon-rich nitride (Si7N3) waveguide, and theoretically verified its capability for all-optical regeneration of phase-encoded polarization-division multiplexing (PDM) signal without the need for complex polarization diversity structures. We achieved a gain extinction ratio (GER) of ∼37.5 dB by using a 3-mm-long Si7N3 waveguide with a high nonlinear coefficient (∼279 /W/m). Signal quality before and after regeneration is characterized by constellation diagram and error vector magnitude (EVM). The results show that the EVM of the degraded PDM differential phase-shift keying (DPSK) signals with two polarization states of 54% and 53.8%, can be improved to 13.6% and 13.6%, respectively, after regeneration, directly illustrating the remarkable phase noise suppression effect. The applicability of the scheme in PDM quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) signals was further investigated. Similarly, the EVMs of the two polarization states of the deteriorated QPSK signals are optimized from 28.9% and 29.3% to 13.7% and 13.9%, respectively. The proposed scheme has promising applications in integrated all-optical processing systems and long-distance transmission of optical communications. © 2009-2012 IEEE.
  Accession Number: 20240215344693
• Record 369 of
  
  Title:Fabrication and Mid-Infrared Laser Transmission Performance of Ultra-Low Loss Chalcogenide Glass Fibers
  
  Author(s):Xu, Yantao(1); Guo, Haitao(1); Xiao, Xusheng(1); Li, Man(2); Yan, Mengmeng(2)
  Source: Guangxue Xuebao/Acta Optica Sinica  Volume: 44  Issue: 7  DOI: 10.3788/AOS232009  Published: April 2024  
  Abstract:Objective With the continuous development of infrared optics, the demand for infrared laser transmission in such fields as national defense and security, biomedicine, and advanced manufacturing is becoming increasingly urgent, and therefore infrared energy transmission fibers are receiving increasing attention. The chalcogenide glass, as an excellent infrared material, features a wide transmission range, stable physic-chemical properties, and easy fiber formation, which makes it an ideal material for infrared energy transmission fibers. The high optical loss of domestically produced chalcogenide glass fibers currently limits their widespread applications. The origin of the optical loss for chalcogenide glass fibers mainly includes the absorption loss of C, H, O, and other impurities; scattering loss caused by heterogeneous particle impurities and striae; scattering loss caused by the interface defects between the core and cladding. For suppressing the absorption loss and scattering loss in chalcogenide glasses and obtaining ultra-low loss fibers, gas (chlorine gas)-gas (glass vapor) and solid (aluminum)-liquid (glass melt) chemical reactions are employed to reduce the absorption loss of fibers. A three-dimensional laser microscopic imaging system is established and adopted to detect micron- and submicron-sized defects inside the glass and fiber, and the preparation process is correspondingly optimized to reduce the scattering loss of fibers. The laser energy transmission experiments of fiber laser (wavelength is 2.0 μm) and dual wavelength optical parameter oscillator (OPO) laser (wavelength is 3.8 μm and 4.7 μm) are also carried out. Methods High purity S and As elements are utilized to prepare rod (As40S60) and tube (As39S61). S distilled at 200 ℃ and As sublimed at 350 ℃ are encapsulated in the ampoule and then melted at 750 ℃ for 12 h to obtain preform glasses. Further, hydrogen impurities with the high purity Cl2 are eliminated. Cl2 is introduced into the molten glass and the quantity of flow is 5 ml/min for 300‒600 s. The glass is melted again to allow a reaction between the Cl2 and hydrogen ions. Then the melted product is distilled under a dynamic vacuum to eliminate any gaseous byproducts from the reaction with Cl2. The third step is to eliminate oxygen impurities with elemental aluminum. Al foils with a mass fraction of 0.3% are introduced into the glass and melted at 600 ℃. Oxygen impurities react with Al foils to form Al2O3 which is left on the surface of Al foils, thus obtaining high-purity glasses. The optical fiber is prepared by the rod-in-tube method. The core and cladding diameters are 200 μm/250 μm for multi-mode fiber and 9 μm/140 μm for single-mode fiber, respectively. The single-mode fiber can maintain single-mode transmission in the 3‒5 μm band. The fiber is drawn at about 320 ℃ in a nitrogen-protected environment. The optical fiber loss is measured by the cutback technique and the scattering intensity of the chalcogenide glasses and fibers are examined by a highly sensitive InGaAs detector from the direction perpendicular to the light path (Fig. 4). Results and Discussions The additive amounts of Cl2 are 300, 480, and 600 s, and the samples are recorded as C1, C2, and C3, respectively. The absorption spectra of C1, C2, and C3 samples show that with the increasing Cl2, the absorption intensity at 4.1 μm decreases significantly while the absorption intensity rises gradually at 7.6 μm (Fig. 5). Hydrogen impurities are effectively removed when Cl2 is employed to purify the chalcogenide glasses for reducing the H—S absorption at 4.1 μm. However, more oxygen impurities are also introduced into the glass due to the hydrophility of Cl2, which enhances the absorption intensity of As—O impurities at 7.6 μm. For further elimination of oxygen impurities, aluminum is introduced into the C3 glass, with the sample signed as C3A. The absorption intensity at 7.6 μm decreases significantly and the mass fraction of oxygen impurities reduces from 1.55% to 0.22% (Fig. 6). There is a linear relationship between the mass fraction of oxygen and absorption coefficient at 7.6 μm in chalcogenide glasses (Fig. 7). The striae of the glass is compared for three samples quenched from three different temperatures of 400, 450, and 500 ℃, and the results show that the sample quenched at 450 ℃ has the best uniformity (Fig. 8). The scattering intensity of these three samples also confirms the above conclusions. The gray values of the scattering image for samples quenched at 450 ℃ are more concentrated in the low grade region, which means that the background scattering intensity at 450 ℃ is the lowest (Fig. 9). The fiber attenuation is 0.150 dB/m, 0.087 dB/m at 4.778 μm for C3 and C3A samples respectively (Fig. 11). A laser power output of 6.10 W is obtained in a single-mode fiber when the input power is 12.30 W at 2.0 μm wavelength. The transmission efficiency is about 50%. The output power of 6.12 W is obtained in a multi-mode fiber when the input power is 10.20 W at 3.8 μm and 4.7 μm wavelength. The transmission efficiency is about 59% (Fig. 13). Conclusions The purification technique of chalcogenide glasses is studied. Cl2 is introduced in chalcogenide glasses to eliminate the hydrogen impurities, and the absorption caused by hydrogen impurities decreases with the Cl2 input volume. However, the As—O absorption intensity rises gradually at 7.6 μm, and the absorption coefficient is linearly proportional to the mass fraction of oxygen. The mass fraction of oxygen impurity in the glass is reduced from 1.55% to 0.22% by introducing the reducing agent aluminum. A detection system is set up for examining the defects in the glass using the scattering technique. The glass quenched at 450 ℃ has the least defects. The glass fiber with a loss of 0.087 dB/m (@4.778 μm) is prepared. The output power of 6.10 W is obtained when the input power is 12.30 W at 2.0 μm wavelength for single-mode fiber, and the transmission efficiency is about 50%. Meanwhile, the transmission efficiency is about 59% for multi-mode fiber at 3.8 μm and 4.7 μm wavelength. The laser damage of the end face is mainly caused by the position deviation generated by thermal expansion, which restricts the transmission power of optical fibers. The transmission power of optical fibers is expected to be further improved by adding a fiber cooling system and reducing energy penetration. © 2024 Chinese Optical Society. All rights reserved.
  Accession Number: 20241815997418
• Record 370 of
  
  Title:Robust HDR reconstruction using 3D patch based on two-scale decomposition
  
  Author(s):Qiao, Zhangchi(1,2); Yi, Hongwei(1); Wen, Desheng(1); Han, Yong(1,2,3)
  Source: Signal Processing  Volume: 219  Issue:   DOI: 10.1016/j.sigpro.2024.109384  Published: June 2024  
  Abstract:In this paper, we propose an effective 3D patch-based match and fusion method by taking account of dynamic or multi-view scenes in a multi-exposure image sequence using two-scale decomposition. As opposed to most multi-exposure image fusion methods, the proposed method does not require a pre-alignment step to reduce ghosting artifacts. Considering that pixel values are affected by multi-view or multi-exposure scenes, we use a uniform matching approach to match and find similar patches in different exposure images and then fuse them at each scale. By searching all similar patches (instead of the optimal patch) in the searching window to form the 3D patch when facing limited image information, we can fully use the complementary information of the multi-exposure images to preserve information about moving objects and scene details. The experimental results show that the proposed method not only performs well on dynamic scenes but also consistently generates high-quality fused images in multi-view scenes. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.
  Accession Number: 20240515470150
• Record 371 of
  
  Title:Speckle-correlation-based non-line-of-sight imaging under white-light illumination
  
  Author(s):Zhou, Meiling(1); Zhang, Yang(1,2); Wang, Ping(1,4); Li, Runze(1); Peng, Tong(1); Min, Junwei(1); Yan, Shaohui(1); Yao, Baoli(1,2,3)
  Source: Optics and Laser Technology  Volume: 170  Issue:   DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2023.110231  Published: March 2024  
  Abstract:Non-line-of-sight (NLOS) imaging is attracting extensive attention due to its ability to establish the objects hidden from the direct line-of-sight, which prompts potential applications in autonomous driving, robotic vision, biomedical imaging, and other domains. Various NLOS imaging techniques have been successively demonstrated. In this paper, we propose a speckle-correlation-based method to achieve NLOS imaging under white-light illumination. In the proposed method, we process the raw speckle pattern by incorporating the conventional speckle correlation imaging (SCI) with the Zernike polynomial fitting, named ZPF-SCI method, to enhance the performance of the calculated autocorrelation, a key step to achieve optimal image quality. Experimental results demonstrate that our method is effective even in the presence of ambient light, which circumvents the limitation of the conventional SCI that has to be performed in a darkroom. Furthermore, the proposed ZPF-SCI method is insensitive to the angle that the detector deviates from the vertical plane of the optical axis. The quality of the reconstructed image is still acceptable even if the deviation angle reaches 8 degrees. These superiorities facilitate the practical application of the method. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd
  Accession Number: 20234515010837
• Record 372 of
  
  Title:Modeling of 1.7-μm and 2.4-μm Dual-Wavelength Pumped 4.3-μm Dysprosium-Doped Chalcogenide Fiber Lasers
  
  Author(s):Xiao, Yang(1,2); Cui, Jian(1,2); Xiao, Xusheng(1,2); Xu, Yantao(1,2); Guo, Haitao(1,2)
  Source: IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics  Volume: 60  Issue: 2  DOI: 10.1109/JQE.2024.3350688  Published: April 1, 2024  
  Abstract:A novel 1.7 μm and 2.4 μm dual-wavelength pumping scheme for a 4.3 μm dysprosium (Dy3+)-doped chalcogenide fiber laser was theoretically demonstrated. It was attributed to the 2.4 μm excited stated absorption (ESA, 6H13/2 ? 6H9/2,6F11/2 transition). Theoretically, when the two pumps were 5 W and 2 W, respectively, a laser power of 1.5 W with an remarkable efficiency of 30.2% was obtained from the homemade Dy3+:Ga0.8As34.2Sb5S60 glass fiber with a loss coefficient of 3 dB/m and a Dy3+ concentration of 3.67 × 1025 ions/m3. Results indicated that the dual-wavelength pumping scheme based on the gain fiber provides a potential way to 4.3 μm dysprosium-doped chalcogenide fiber lasers. © 1965-2012 IEEE.
  Accession Number: 20240315387038